International Journal of

Pharmacy Review & Research

ABSTRACT

Nanotechnology promises a very wide variety of solutions to many aspects of cancer detection and treatment. The technology is new, with most research currently in the animal trial phase, but very promising. In the field of tumor detection, nano-scale transistors can detect marker proteins at concentrations of only .025 pg/ml, nano-pore gene sequencers can read 1,000 base pairs per second, and super paramagnetic nanoparticles can be used to measure levels of enzymes that signal malignant forms of cancer. In the treatment category, nanoparticles can be engineered which contain payloads of drugs surrounded by proteins which bind predominantly to cancerous cells, thereby targeting the medicine to just the areas where it is required. Also, microchips with reservoirs for drugs have been engineered which can deliver specific dosages for specific lengths of time from within the body, when remotely triggered.

Key words: Nanotechnology, Tumor, Transistors, Enzymes, Cancer, Microchips.

ABSTRACT

Phyllodium pulchellum is an important medicinal plant belongs to Fabaceae family. The plant is widely used to treat various diseases such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, haemorrhage, diarrohoea, poisoning and eye diseases. This review gives a brief compilation of its phytochemical and pharmacological properties.

Key words: Phyllodium pulchellum, Fabaceae, Folklore, Medicinal Plant, Anti-diabetes

ABSTRACT

Nature has been instrumental as a source for therapeutics. Marine organisms comprise approximately a half of total biodiversity thus offering a vast source to discover useful therapeutics. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), also known as “medicated adhesive patches,” are dosage forms designed to deliver a therapeutically effective amount of drug across a patient’s skin. The evidence of percutaneous drug absorption may be found through measurable blood levels of the drug, detectable excretion of the drug and its metabolites in the urine and through the clinical response of the patient to the administered drug therapy. Supporting skin repair reducing the effects of oxidative stress slows the ageing process of the skin. Essential amino acids are the most important for skin cells. Amino acid permeation studies show may help the skin nourishing activity defend itself against oxidative stress and protect it from sun damage and it has shown encouraging preliminary skin health benefits.

Key words: Transdermal drug delivery system, Medicated adhesive patches Skin permeation, Amino acid permeation studies.

ABSTRACT

This review describes information on the efficacy of Ayurvedic herbs and some plant originated medicine in bronchial asthma (Shwasa roga). It as a substance or product that is used or intended to be used, to modify or explore physiological system or pathological status for the benefit of the recipient. In Ayurveda, Aushadha is considered as one of the four fold constituents of Chikitsa-Chatushapada. The consideration of recipes during the line of treatment for particular ailments has a great importance. In the modern ages WHO also stresses importance of drug and defines first to give an elaborate description of various therapeutic measures calculated to aim at, not merely the radical removal of the causative factors but also at the restoration of Doshika equilibrium. Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in modern society and there is increasing evidence to suggest that its incidence and severity are increasing. There is a high prevalence of usage of complementary medicine for asthma. Herbal preparations have been cited as the third most popular complementary treatment modality. In the past decade, research has been focused on scientific evaluation of Ayurvedic drugs of plant origin for the treatment of respiratory disorders. Since the time immemorial, various herbs are used as antiasthmatic with efficient therapeutic response.

Key words: Asthma, Chikitsa-Chatushapada, Complementary medicine, Shwasa roga, Tamaka Shwasa, Traditional herbs.

ABSTRACT

The objective of the current study was to formulate the Metoprolol Succinate sustained release matrix tablets by cost saving and production efficient process. Among various tablet manufacturing process, direct compression is the simplest and cost saving process. Metoprolol Succinate is available in conventional dosage forms, administered four times a day, leading to saw tooth kinetics and resulting in ineffective therapy. The combination of these two drugs in a single dosage form will enhance the patient compliance and prolong bronchodilator. Various polymers, such as hydroxy propyl methylcellulose K4M (HPMC- K4M), hydroxy propyl methylcellulose K100M (HPMC- K100M), xanthan gum, ethyl cellulose and hydroxy propyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMC-P) were considered. HPMC-P and HPMC- K4M were found to be best in controlling the release. In-vitro dissolution studies were carried out for all the bi-layered tablets developed using USP dissolution apparatus type 2 (paddle). It was bring into being that the tablet FB15-FW3 showed 50% release of salbutamol in first hour and the remaining was released for eight hours. However, Metoprolol Succinate was found to be released as per the USP specifications. This further confirms the integrity of pure drugs and no incompatibility of them with excipients. Also, formulation of FB15-FW3 has shown required release pattern and complies with all the evaluated parameter and comparable to the marketed formulation.

Key words: Sustained release, Metoprolol Succinate, Direct compression, Formulation and Evaluation.

ABSTRACT
Plants have been used for thousands of years to flavor and conserve food, to treat health disorders and to prevent diseases including epidemics. Species of Chrozophora genus (Euphobiaceae family) are distributed in West African and Asia. These species are monoecious, shrubby herb and annual plants and their leaves, stems and fruits besides the whole plant have been used in food and traditional medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases. Many of these species showed high content of protein and oil with high percentages of fatty acids. The extracts from different parts of the Chrozophora plants showed the presence of diterpenoids, triterpenoids, flavonoids and chromone glucosides, Alkaloids, coumarins, chromones xanthones, diterpenoids and phenylpropanoid glycosides. However, there are many investigations showed this genus have antimicrobial, anticancer and antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antidiabetes, and anthelmintic property agents, and phytotoxic activity. Thus, in the present work, Chrozophora genus plants with  mphasis on their chemical composition, food and feed, and medicinal uses are reviewed.

Key words: Euphorbiaceae, Chrozophora, Botanical description, Chemical composition, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant,
Medicinal, Food Uses.

ABSTRACT

Present cross sectional study was done to find out the psychiatric problems in elderly persons living in urban areas. Elderly are prone for various types of psychosomatic disorders due to inherent and environmental factors. Common psychiatric illnesses found in geriatric age group in this study are depression, adjustment disorders, anxiety disorders and panic disorders etc. High prevalence in geriatric patients needs special attention to improve their overall health statuses.

Key words: Geriatric, Psychiatric Illness, Urban.

ABSTRACT NSAIDs have a more significant effect on pain resulting from the increased peripheral sensitization that occurs during inflammation and leads nociceptors to respond to stimuli that are normally painless. The goal of this paper is to review current literature on history, mechanisms of action, efficacy, and tolerability of OTC analgesics (NSAIDS). Relatively new and potential future indications for these drugs are also discussed. Literature search was performed in January 2012 in the following electronic database: Medline, Ebsco, Pubmed, Dove Press, Bentham Publishers, and the Cochrane Library. We collected literature from 1968 to January 2012, search terms were as follows; complication, use, prevention and mechanisms of NSAIDs. This review has enlighten the pharmacological basis for the common therapeutic approaches to pain management and also elucidate the diagnosis of acute and chronic exposure of NSAIDs poisoned patients. The article briefly describe about the classification, clinical features, diagnosis, pathogenesis, fatal dose, autopsy features and management of the NSAIDs poisoning. Finally, we touch on prevention and newer therapy that might be effective in the near future.

Key words: Classification, Dose, Diagnosis, Ulcer, and Prevention.

ABSTRACT

High-pressure or high-performance, liquid chromatography (both are abbreviated as HPLC or simply LC is predominantly used in the pharmaceutical industry for evaluations of a large variety of samples. It is the method of choice for checking purity of new chemical entities, monitoring changes. In synthetic procedures or scale up, evaluating new formulations, and carrying out quality control/assurance of the final drug product. It is important to pay special attention to the Develop methods that would resolve unknown potential impurities and degradation products, Develop strategies for instrument qualification and validation to meet regulatory requirements and Provides stringent validation of HPLC methods before they are utilized routinely.

Key words: Method development, HPLC, Theoretical plates, Retention factor.